In order to favour trading concentration, also through the provision of services aiming at encouraging the entry into contracts, the Italian Chamber of Commerce established a number of Exchanges, aiming at matching supply and demand. In order to guarantee fare trading, bankrupt business operators (including manufacturers, factors and agents, wholesalers, brokers and large retailers) and people who have been convicted for some specific offences are not allowed access to the Exchanges .

Chamber Exchanges include: Commodity/Mercantile Exchanges and Trading Floor, a Screen-based Trading (Meteora) System, Real-estate Exchanges, Recycling Exchange, and Subcontracting Exchanges.

Commodity/Mercantile Exchanges and Trading Floors
Commodity/Mercantile Exchanges and Trading Floors are meeting places where trading is carried out in tradable goods, products and services. Traders accessing Mercantile Exchanges and Trading Floors are mainly agricultural brokers. In the Exchange premises and in the Trading Floor trading is performed on simple product names or samples (wheat, flour, wine, etc.), on quality certificates or certificates of origin.
Trading is performed based on standard contracts, drawn up considering the quality of goods. They include all contract elements, including delivery, collection, and payment terms and conditions, as well as the procedures relating to placement in default, unless otherwise agreed upon, and do not include the goods price and quality. At the end of each trading day, the relevant Committee draws up a Price List, including the prices of traded goods.
At present, the above-mentioned mercantile exchanges are being reorganised and the traditional trading system shall gradually be replaced by a screen-based one.

Screen-based Trading (Meteora)
Some Chambers of Commerce have established a stock company called Meteora, with a view to implementing and managing a screen-based trading system for standardised, typical and quality agricultural, food, and sea products.
Meteora is a large market matching purchase and sale offers, fixing prices in real time. Together with the Chamber Screen-based Exchanges connected to Meteora, it guarantees quality commodity, agricultural and food product price transparency.
Screen-based trading is performed by farmers, mercantile agents, dealers, and food industrialists, who have previously been accredited by the relevant Chamber’s Supervisory Board, which ascertains their professional skills, establishes their solvency and fairness.
Once they are entered in the relevant Register kept by the Chamber of Commerce, accredited operators are attributed an ID system and an e-mailbox, so that they may perform trading. Unlike traditional Exchanges, computer connections between operators allow performing trading without being physically present in the trading floor.

Real-estate Exchanges
Real-estate Exchanges aim at promoting transparency in the real-estate market, and they do so by providing standard contracts and making a database available containing property purchase, sale and rental offers.
Real-estate Exchanges are regulated by specific regulations, providing for two bodies, namely a Supervisory Board and an Official List Board, to be designated by each local Chamber of Commerce.
During the trading hours fixed in the trading timetable, the following operators are allowed access to the Real-estate Exchange Trading Floor with a view to performing trading activities: real-estate brokers registered in the Chambers Register, building enterprise Principals, Directors, Employees (requiring a formal general or special power of attorney) and Purchasers. Trading can consist in direct agreements or be performed based on public auctions. The general public cannot perform direct trading. An Official List is published at the end of each trading day.

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Recycling Exchange
The Recycling Exchange is an electronically accessible computerised service, aiming at matching the demand for and the supply of recyclable good, and other waste management, recycling, and disposal activities and operations, including pre-treatment before disposal.
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Traded items include:
wastes, including recyclable ones (namely industrial wastes that can be reused as raw materials in other production cycles);
raw materials obtained through recycling;
end-of-life durable goods and wastes from electrical and electronic apparatuses.

Access to the National Recycling Exchange (Borsa nazionale telematica del recupero) is regulated by a general Regulation, while specific regulations apply to trading.
In their quality as bodies accrediting traders, Chambers of Commerce play a crucial role in guaranteeing and protecting the market; moreover, they are responsible for the operational management of the Recycling Screen-based Trading System.
In order to ensure high and standardised service levels throughout the Italian territory, Chambers utilised Simea, a screen-based system developed by Ecocerved, that is, the Chambers company dealing with environmental issues.
Electronic accreditation applications must be sent to the Chambers of Commerce, indicating the Business Register position and the reference numbers relating to the filing of the Environmental Single Form (MUD) statement. If an applicant enterprise performs waste management activities, the aforesaid application must also include the details pertaining to the relevant authorisations, registrations and deeds authorising them to carry out waste management activities.

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Subcontracting Exchanges
The Chambers System (including some regional Unions and Aziende speciali) dealing with subcontracting carries out support, research and data collection activities. Moreover, they promoted the establishment of Subcontracting Exchanges, where business operators can contact partners and carry out trading in the area of industrial subcontracting.

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